The transport corridors’ first impact upon biodiversity is that upon the diversity of the ecosystem. The regional development, land utilization and the structure changes brought about by the transport corridors will in full or in part change the natural status of the ecosystem. With the expansion of human activities and the mounting of manmade substances, the ecosystem under natural conditions will inevitably shrink in terms of geographical area and deteriorate in terms of its composite structures. All of these will lead to the reduction of species and species scales.

When human beings bring enormous destruction to the living environments of the species, such as communication facilities and corresponding emergence of cities, logging for the purpose of construction, the transport corridors passing through natural grasslands, wetlands, migration regions of marine fishes, blocking of animal migratory route by the transport corridors, the pollution of air, water, toxic substance, noise, etc. in their habitats, etc. The ecological process will be severely affected, and as a result, many species will degenerate or disappear because they simply cannot adapt themselves to the changed environment.

Large-scale land development will certainly follow the transport corridors. Natural vegetation will be either destroyed or replaced by certain single manmade vegetation. The expansion of unitary species will damage the hereditary diversity of other natural species, and as a result, many natural species will be gone.

Since the transport corridors under TumenNet are trans-boundary and marine-land ones, the invasion of alien species will be unavoidable. If the dream of the “land bridge” transportation comes true, the invasion of alien species from Europe or the Pacific regions (viruses, funguses, insects, etc.) will generate unfavorable impacts upon the biodiversity of this region.

The transport corridors will have impacts upon environment in many aspects.

During its construction period the transport corridors not only occupies land, but also needs earthwork and quarry in other places, which will cause changes to the original vegetation, rivers, terrain, etc. and affect natural habitats of animals.

When the transport corridors are in use, they will, from the viewpoint of macro-geographic scale, bring about the regional economic and urban development, and the natural environment of this region will become the “natural environment” deeply affected by human activities.

Population increase and industrial development will obviously lead to the increase of discharges. Under today’s technical conditions, most of the discharged substances are aliens to ecological cycles, and their entry into the environment and waters will bring to nature “waste” that nature cannot absorb, disturbing the cycling system of nature and making environment increasingly worse.

From the viewpoint of micro-geographic scale, the transport corridors will bring noise, waste gas and all sorts of garbage, especially some toxic matters. The operation of the communications routes will make the migration of animals (large ones and amphibians) more difficult.

The noise and wastes (including toxic wastes) produced by the communication and transport routes and the stations/yards along the lines will exert obvious impact upon the habitats of the plants and animals in the nature reserves.

It is made the following summary of proposed actions:

As for the established transport corridors, it is very difficult to change their positions and routes, or put a ceiling to their traffic flow increases. The ideal development pattern is the realization of green transport corridors, which include the following: